Digital Dying By: Justin Nobel

Animal Funerals, from Dorothy the Chimp to Yellow-billed Magpies

by Justin Nobel

After a rollercoaster life, Dorothy died at a chimpanzee rescue center in Cameroon. This photo, showing her chimp family observe the burial, went viral on the internet and raised the question, can animals really exhibit funeral behavior?

Dorothy's mother was killed by hunters. They then sold her to an amusement park in Cameroon where she was chained to the ground and taught to drink beer and smoke cigarettes for noisy crowds. Poor diet and lack of exercise made Dorothy obese. In May of 2000 she was brought to Cameroon's Sanaga-Yong Chimpanzee Rescue Center and rehabilitated. She became a favorite at the center and even mothered a child of her own. But in September of 2008 she died of congestive heart failure. The management let her chimpanzee family witness the burial. “Some chimps displayed aggression while others barked in frustration,” a worker who photographed the event later explained. “But perhaps the most stunning reaction was a recurring, almost tangible silence. If one knows chimpanzees, then one knows that they are not usually silent creatures.”

The photo of the chimp funeral went viral on the internet and was published in the November 2009 issue of National Geographic. It shows Dorothy under a light blue sheet in a wheelbarrow being pushed to the burial site by a park worker. Another worker holds Dorothy's head gently in her hands. Behind a fence in the background are more than a dozen chimpanzees, staring intently, looking visibly sad. Chimpanzees, along with African elephants, ants and magpies are some of the few animals known to exhibit funeral behavior. Interestingly, they are all social animals. “Perhaps their grief reactions function as a social signal that allows for reshuffling of status relationships, facilitates filling of the reproductive vacancy left by the deceased, or fosters continuity of the group,” speculates Janis Dickinson, of Cornell's Ornithology Lab, in an essay on yellow-billed magpies.

READ ABOUT HOW GORILLAS, PARROTS AND HORSES COMMIT SUICIDE TOO

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Fish kills, bird deaths and the coming Aflockolypse

by Justin Nobel

The recent animal die offs have been blamed on warm weather, cold weather, low oxygen levels, high pollution levels, fireworks, lightning and the rapid movement of the magnetic north pole towards Russia. Some scientists think the earth's sixth great extinction may be underway.

Thousands of turtle doves rained down on car roofs in northeastern Italy, two million dead fish washed ashore in the Chesapeake, 100,000 fish died in rivers in the Ozarks, 450 red-winged blackbirds, brown-headed cowbirds, grackles and starlings littered a highway in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, three thousand blackbirds fell on roads and roofs in the small town of Beebe, Arkansas, 70 Mexican free-tailed bats croaked on a path in Tucson, Arizona, dozens of jackdaws were found dead in the streets of Falkoping, in southern Sweden, scores of dead fish turned up in a small Haitian lake near the Dominican border, thousands of devil crabs washed ashore along the Kent coast in southeastern England, hundreds of snapper were found dead in New Zealand, one hundred tons of sardines, croaker and catfish washed up dead along the coast of Brazil, hundreds of fish turned up dead near Lapu-Lapu City in the Philippines, more than 150 tonnes of red tilapia died in the province of Dong Thap in southern Vietnam and scores of American coots were found dead on a Texas bridge. All this in the past two weeks, which leaves one wondering, what on earth is happening? Read the rest of this entry »

To Live Forever: Eat supplements, abhor soda and upon dying, head to Arizona and bathe in liquid nitrogen

by Justin Nobel

Doctors at work on cryogenic preservation. Alcor Life Extension Foundation is an Arizona based company whose mission is to preserve human bodies until the science of the future can revive and heal them. Among those cryogenically frozen is baseball star Ted Williams.

Every day, Ray Kurzweil, an American writer and inventor, ingests 150-250 supplements and drinks 8-10 glasses of alkaline water and 10 cups of green tea. He regularly measures the chemical composition of his bodily fluids and on weekends he receives intravenous transfusions of chemical cocktails he believes will “reprogram” his biochemistry. He abhors soda and coffee, and eats mainly vegetables, lean meats, tofu and organic foods with low glycemic loads. He claims he has not consumed sugar for years. Kurzweil is a futurist, and believes that within the next couple of decades microscopic machines will be able to travel through a person's body and repair damaged cells, enabling people to live vastly longer lives. His rigid routine is an effort to ensure he lives to see the time when this technology has actually been developed. And just in case he dies beforehand, Kurzweil has made arrangements with a company called Alcor Life Extension Foundation to chemically preserve his body and freeze it in liquid nitrogen, until a time when technology will be able to revive him so the micro-machines can heal him.

Alcor was founded in 1972 and is headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona. The company has 85 cryopatients and fewer than a dozen employees, all of whom have made arrangements to be cryopreserved themselves in the future. “At the present time the technology required for the realization of our goal far exceeds current technical capabilities,” says the company's website. “We expect to wait for decades to see this vision fulfilled.” But despite the uncertainty, the allure of living forever has led more and more people to consider the option. Read the rest of this entry »

The blooming business of deciphering supercentenarians

by Justin Nobel

Joe Rollino, who once lifted 475 pounds with his teeth, was struck dead by a minivan at the age of 104. He attained the status of centenarian but was deprived of the much more  elite status of supercentenarian. There are only 75 validated supercentenarians on the planet.

Joe Rollino, who once lifted 475 pounds with his teeth, was recently struck dead by a minivan at the age of 104. There are 60,000 plus centenarians in the United States but there are only 75 validated supercentenarians on the planet.

Mighty Joe Rollino was struck by a minvan while crossing the street in Brooklyn, earlier this month. At a nearby hospital, the man considered by some as “for his size, the strongest man that ever lived”—he lifted 475 pounds with his teeth and once pressed 600 plus pounds with a single finger—was pronounced dead. He was 104.

Rollino was a centenarian, a rank reserved for those who live above 100. There may be 60,000 or more of them in the United States. A far more elite status is that of supercentenarian, those people age 110 and up. The concept is so new it is not in most dictionaries, and according to the Gerontology Research Group (GRG), which catalogues and verifies claims, there are only 20 verified supercentenarians in the U.S., and just 75 on the entire planet. Read the rest of this entry »

Gorillas, parrots and horses commit suicide too

by Justin Nobel

"Life-weariness and the determination to end miseries in a sudden manner are not confined to the human race," reads an article in The Popular Science Monthly. The paper provides colorful examples of horses and dogs that have committed suicide. (Photo courtesy of NOAA)

"Life-weariness and the determination to end miseries in a sudden manner are not confined to the human race," reads an 1878 article in "The Popular Science Monthly". The paper provides colorful examples of horses and dogs that have committed suicide. (Photo courtesy of NOAA)

An 8 year-old lowland gorilla named Muchana was found dead in his sleeping quarters at the St. Louis Zoo, last Spring. He had pulled apart his climbing rope and become entangled. The People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) claimed negligence, pointing out that the zoo had been fined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in the connection with the death of two polar bears in 2007. Some reports suggested that Muchana may have committed suicide. Native American beliefs accommodate such an outcome, but what about Western ones?

“It has been asserted that ‘mere brutes' never commit suicide,” reads an article in The Popular Science Monthly, from 1878. “This is a wanton, it might be said an impudent, assumption.”

Birds, reptiles and other caged animals can persistently refuse food; isn't that suicide, the article argues.

More clear-cut animal suicides exist too. The article continues: “There are many instances among domestic animals, proving that life-weariness and the determination to end miseries in a sudden manner are not confined to the human race.” Read the rest of this entry »

For Native Americans, suicidal woodchucks are not strange

by Justin Nobel

The Cove, a documentary that covertly captures a dolphin slaughter in the Japanese fishing village of Taiji, won the Audience Award at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. The protagonist is Richard O'Barry, Flipper's dolphin trainer who became a rabid animal rights crusader after Cathy the dolphin committed suicide in his arms.

The Cove, a documentary that covertly captures a dolphin slaughter in the Japanese fishing village of Taiji, won the Audience Award at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. The protagonist is Richard O'Barry, Flipper's former trainer. He became a rabid animal rights crusader after Cathy the dolphin committed suicide in his arms.

Just before Earth Day, in 1970, Cathy the dolphin committed suicide in Richard O'Barry's arms, changing his life forever.

“She looked me right in the eye, took a breath, held it—and she didn't take another one,” O'Barry recently told New York Magazine. “She just sank to the bottom of the water. That had a profound effect on me.”

O'Barry helped capture and train the dolphins on “Flipper”, which didn't exactly make him a friend of animal rights activists. Now, he is the star of one of the biggest animal rights films in years, “The Cove”, a documentary that covertly captures a dolphin slaughter in the Japanese fishing village of Taiji. He credits Cathy's suicide as the turning point that transformed him from animal captor to animal liberator.

For Americans, O'Barry's suicide story may seem ridiculous. Science tells us that animals can't intentionally kill themselves. But Native Americans view animal suicide, and death in general much differently.

“The non-native mindset is so fearful,” said Maya Piñon, a Native-born naturalist who is working on a book about animal suicide. “The culture to which I was born tells me there is nothing to fear about death. Sure, you fight to live as long as you can but when that moment comes you're like, ‘Okay, game over, I've gone on to the next dimension.'” Read the rest of this entry »

Death dogs could be replaced by electronic noses

by Justin Nobel

Penn State University researchers are recording the chemical signatures from decomposing pigs in an attempt to create an "electronic nose" that may eventually put cadaver dogs out of business. (Photo Courtesy of Sarah Jones/Penn State)

Penn State University researchers are recording the chemical signatures from decomposing pigs in an effort to better understand the smells that a rotting corpse gives off. Their goal is to create an "electronic nose" that may eventually put cadaver dogs out of business. (Photo Courtesy of Sarah Jones/Penn State)

Cadaver dogs have been sniffing around Phillip Garrido's backyard. The case of Garrido, who was arrested in California last month on suspicion of kidnapping an 11 year-old girl and holding her hostage for 18 years, highlights the role of the special canines used by police to locate bodies.

Different than Bloodhounds, which focus on a particular scent, cadaver dogs are trained to track a range of decompositional smells. They can locate bodies just hours after death or find ones that have been rotting for 20 years. Police hope the cadaver dogs searching Garrido's yard will unearth clues to a series of unsolved prostitute murders from the 1990s.

The first dog used exclusively for cadaver work was a yellow lab named Pearl, in 1974, according to the "Cadaver Dog Handbook: forensic training and tactics for the recovery of human remains." Pearl was trained at a military research station in San Antonio, Texas. Her first assignment was for the New York State Police, who were looking for bodies in an upstate forest. Pearl unearthed the corpse of a Syracuse College student that was buried four feet deep. Read the rest of this entry »

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